Types of government
What are we and where are we going?
- Constitutional monarchy - A government that has a monarch, but his/her power is strictly limited by the government. Example: United Kingdom[1][2]
- Constitutional republic -- Rule by a government composed of representatives who are voted into power by the people.
- Democracy - Rule by a government where all [citizens] are represented but power is held by the majority.
- Dictatorship - Rule by an individual who has full power over the country.[3] See also Autocracy and Stratocracy.
- Monarchy - Rule by an individual who has inherited the role and expects to bequeath it to their heir.[4]
- Oligarchy - Rule by a small group of people who share similar interests or family relations.[5]
- Plutocracy - A government composed of the wealthy class. Any of the forms of government listed here can be plutocracy. For instance, if all of the voted representatives in a republic are wealthy, then it is a republic and a plutocracy.
- Theocracy - Rule by a religious elite.[6]
Other Classifications:
- Anarchism - Absence of government. [7] Anarchism is not a form of government—it is the belief that governments are harmful and unnecessary.
- Totalitarianism - Characterized by a state that regulates nearly every aspect of public and private life.
- Authoritarianism - Characterized by an emphasis on the authority of the state in a republic or union. It is a political system controlled by nonelected rulers who usually permit some degree of individual freedom.
The extent to which a government can be classified varies by degree. For example, Iran can be seen as democratic, authoritarian and theocratic while constitutional monarchies such as the Netherlands combine elements of monarchy and democracy.
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